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手?jǐn)y快速分析近紅外光譜儀-石油污染土壤

手?jǐn)y快速分析近紅外光譜儀-石油污染土壤


石油中的苯系物BTEX(苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯)和多環(huán)芳烴具有致癌、致變、致畸作用,并可通過(guò)食物鏈逐級(jí)富集影響到人類;石油污染物中不易被土壤吸附的部分還能滲入地下污染地下水。石油類污染物對(duì)土壤和水環(huán)境的污染已成為當(dāng)前和今后突出的環(huán)境問(wèn)題之一,引起人們高度重視。而土壤和地下水有機(jī)污染又具有復(fù)雜性、隱蔽性和污染治理難度大、費(fèi)用高、時(shí)間長(zhǎng)等特點(diǎn)。


因此市場(chǎng)需要一個(gè)快速的手?jǐn)y紅外光譜儀, 現(xiàn)介紹國(guó)外使用的Zeiss Corona 45 VISNIR光譜的類同


Zeiss Corona 45 VISNIR 手?jǐn)y式380-1760nm光譜儀， 直接對(duì)被污染土壤現(xiàn)場(chǎng)快速測(cè)量,  相同樣辦分別以CORONA及實(shí)驗(yàn)室色譜儀作光譜及化學(xué)分析, 經(jīng)化統(tǒng)建模及定標(biāo)后, 只需攜帶Corona 到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)量當(dāng)中的有毒物質(zhì)toluene, ethylbenezene, xylene。

 

這樣快速及無(wú)接觸的測(cè)量, 可不用依賴實(shí)驗(yàn)室中傳統(tǒng)色譜儀分析的成本, 包括配材及制樣辦成本。

 


Keywords：petroleum hydrocarbon, near-infrared spectroscopy, 污染, 土壤, 土壤現(xiàn)場(chǎng)快速測(cè)量

 

Analysis of total petroleum hydrocarbon and fractions in soil by field-portable near infrared spectroscopy

 

Diane Malley and Peter Warburton

PDK Projects, Inc., Nanaimo, B.C., and Winnipeg, MB

 


The widespread use of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) as fuels for transportation, heating and as lubricants has led to numerous accidental spills, leakage, or operational losses into the environment. Associated soil and water contamination poses health hazards to humans and animals. The use of near-infrared spectroscopy for the rapid analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soil is briefly reviewed. Using a field-portable spectrophotometer, the Zeiss Corona 45 VISNIR spectrometer, 70 bulk PHC-contaminated soil samples from three remote communities in Manitoba were scanned from 380 to 1760 nm. PHC fractions were determined chemically using gas chromatography by standard methods defined by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) for three fractions representing varying straight chain hydrocarbon length. Fraction 1 is 5 to10 carbons; fraction 2, 10 to 16; and fraction 3, 16 to 34. As well, BTEX, i.e., benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene, were determined. Calibrations were developed between the spectral data and the chemical data for toluene, ethylbenezene, xylene, and the three PHC fractions separately for coarse (>75 um) and fine grain size (< 75 um) samples. Results for coarse soils were successful to very successful for each constituent whereas results from fine samples were uniformly less good, and some were not useful. This difference may by explained if coarse soils allow for a more even distribution of PHC in the matrix and therefore more representative sampling and NIRS analysis. Movement of PHC through fine soils may be more through cracks and slickensides, resulting in less repeatable subsampling and NIRS analysis.

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